Essay on The Major Dimensions of Social Stratification

The Major Dimensions of Social Stratification For one to attempt the question, â€Å"what are the major dimensions of social stratification?† , one must first define the term social stratification. Social stratification is often used interchangeably with social inequality and one must distinguish between the two terms. Social inequality refers to the existence of socially created inequalities. Social stratification is a form of social inequality, however, social inequality does not inevitably lead to social stratification. It is define as the presence of distinct social groups which are ranked one above the other in terms of factors such a prestige and wealth. These factors are called valued resources.†¦show more content†¦This would distinguish them from members of other strata. These levels or strata are ranked hierarchical order in terms of superiority and inferiority. Persons or groups in a higher ranked stratum have greater access to valued resources such as power, prestige, wealth, and privilege than the persons at the bottom or in the lower ranked stratum. Therefore it can be said that those at the top are considered to be superior to those at the bottom. One can note that in most systems of stratification, the group occupying the higher stratum tent to have a smaller population that those at the bottom. The lower the stratum, the more population increases. Hence an illustration of a system of stratification can be represented by a pyramid or a triangle. The Indian caste system can be used as an example of a system of stratification. This system consist of five levels or castes namely the Brahmins ( priest at the highest caste), the Kshatriyas (rulers and warriors), the Vaisyas (merchants and traders), the Sundras (cultivators and menials), and the Outcaste (labour force). This system is one in which power and prestige rest in the hands of the upper caste whereas the lower caste perform the menial, dirty job such a s street sweeping and disposing of dead animals. Each caste is further subdivided into jatis and are ranked as well within a particular locality. This system isShow MoreRelatedSocial Stratification Has Good Consequences For Society1061 Words   |  5 Pagesthesis states that social stratification has good consequences for society. They argue societies may have different occupations or tasks that these jobs differ in their importance to society. They believed this encourages people to work harder and be more efficient i n their jobs, ultimately benefiting society. 2.  List and define three different systems of stratification in society. The three different systems of social stratification in society are slavery, castes, and social classes. SlaveryRead More What is wrong about Donald Blacks theory of law? 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Why Everybody Is Talking About Weather Essay Topics...The Simple Truth Revealed

Why Everybody Is Talking About Weather Essay Topics...The Simple Truth Revealed New Step by Step Roadmap for Weather Essay Topics Folks discuss the weather on the telephone and in person. Other individuals think that a woman's role needs to be limited to taking care of the home and kids. Women must locate another means of creating a living. Some individuals think women ought to be given equal opportunities to work and excel in their careers. British individuals discuss the weather all the time since it changes all of the time. Nowadays TV is now a crucial part of life. The New Angle On Weather Essay Topics Just Released It is crucial to pick a great topic as a way to compose a good paper. You don't need to find super technical with legal argumentative essays, but make sure to do your homework on what the recent laws about your favorite topic actually say. If you want to produce the excellent essay on microeconomics topics all on your own, the very first place you should s earch is the internet. You need to think about that essays on weather or another subject will portray your understanding of the subject and the capacity to systematize it. A student is made to dig in deeper into the information, and here, they've got a chance to grasp the concepts that they've learned and be in a position to apply them to a topic that's realistic. It is the issue of selecting the proper expository essay topics in the event the student has a right. Examine the benefits and disadvantages 55. International climate change isn't just brought on by humans. Moreover, in many areas of the planet, deforestation has meant that wood the most commonly used solid fuel is situated further away from the places where folks live. Water pollution is going to be the world's biggest problem within the next decades. Availability and purity of plain water. Some developing countries invite large multinational businesses to open offices and factories so as to aid their economy. Nevertheless, in the surface of climate change, the capacity of women and men to get these indispensable resources is reduced. ICUMSA is the sole worldwide organisation concerned solely with analytical strategies for the sugar market. It is very important to remember, however, that women aren't only vulnerable to climate change but they're also effective actors or agents of change concerning both mitigation and adaptation. Try to remember your essay isn't a research paper, and therefore do not cover the top with documentation. Like every assignment, a descriptive essay has a certain purpose. The essay questions are broken up into common PTE Essay writing. Researching the topic will permit you to find out more about what fascinates you, and should you pick something you truly like, writing the essay will be more enjoyable. Work is performed under various Subjects each headed by means of a Referee. People today attend college or university for many distinct reasons (by way of example, new experiences, career preparation, or to raise knowledge). Weather Essay Topics Explained Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. Below, you will locate a list of pop culture topics of unique categories. Though it's not an exhaustive collection of all of the different kinds of essays, it does include a couple of the most common with different essay topics in each one. You will discover that lots of the topics can be adapted to suit almost any sort of writing assignment. The normal pattern of weather experienced in a certain area on a long duration of time is called the climate. Spring is a great season because it's between winter and summer, temperatures are not that cold and not to hot. Weather is quite changeable and unpredictable. Air temperature plays a significa nt role in how weather and climate counteract. Rain forests should be protected. Wind can play a significant role in the climate of the region. The cold winds blow all of the time. An argumentative paper is part of the persuasion. You also ought to lead them to a specific conclusion or a takeaway line which they'd remember as soon as they finish reading it. It's far simpler to write from an example than to begin your essay from a blank bit of paper. Or, a breakup is the consequence of poor communication. The issue is we speak various languages not only in regard to ethnic groups but regarding the way every individual sees the world.

Analyze The Concept Of Tourism And Tourism Planning - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Analyze The Concept Of Tourism And Tourism Planning. Answer: The industry of tourism is a recent one and has made significant advancements in the recent times. In the recent times, tourism has evolved as one of the major industries of the world and makes a significant contribution towards the economic framework of the various nations (Mowforth Munt, 2015). Therefore, the various nations place special insistence on the development of the tourism industry of their nation as that is likely to contribute a significant amount to the economy of the nation or the country concerned (Murphy, 2013). However, it is often seen that an effective planning is required for the overall growth as well as the development of this particular industry and thus the various nations often take the help of various innovative strategy for the promotion ad the management of their tourism industry (Horner Swarbrooke, 2016). It is significant to note that the concept of planning in the sphere of tourism can be defined as the dynamic process of determining goals, systemat ically selecting alternative courses of actions to achieve those goals, implementing the chosen alternatives, and evaluating the choice to determine if it is successful (Mowforth Munt, 2015). Thus it can be said that planning forms an important part of the entire process of business of the tourism industry and the various nations and business organizations should focus on this particular aspect to bring about an overall growth as well as the development of their tourism industry (Horner Swarbrooke, 2016). This essay will analyze the concept of tourism and tourism planning in the context of the development of the tourism industry at the Clipper Bay. Stakeholders form an important part of any business organization and for that matter in the genre of tourism industry as well. It is significant to note that they are the ones who have invested in the business process of the business organization and take an active interest in the overall growth as well as the development of the business organization concerned (Page Hall, 2014). In addition to the people who have invested in the business process of the business organization the various stakeholders are also the diverse accountants, groups, organization, members, or system that affects or can be affected by an organization's actions (Page Hall, 2014). Thus, it is obvious that the various stakeholders will take an active interest in the business operations as well as the strategies which are formulated and implemented for the operations of the business organization concerned (Eshliki Kaboudi, 2012). The role played by the various stakeholders becomes very significant when the touris m industry is taken into consideration. It is to be noted that as the stakeholders are the ones who have invested in the company and take an active interest in the performance of the company or the business organization concerned therefore it becomes very important for the business organizations to convey the relevant information to them and also to take their approval before the implementation of any particular strategy which is likely to affect the prospects of the business organization in a significant manner (Eshliki Kaboudi, 2012). In the opinion of R. Edward Freeman's articulated in his famous work Strategic Management- A Stakeholder Approach, stakeholders as those groups without whose support the organization would cease to exist. Furthermore, it is significant to note that in the context of tourism planning the stakeholder theory perspective becomes very important. This particular perspective is a very important viewpoint on tourism is the functional approach in which touri sm is observed as a proactive force which, if developed appropriately, seeks to maximize positive returns to a communitys overall growth while minimizing the costs to the environment and culture. A functional approach also suggests that all parties or stakeholders interested in or affected by this business within a particular market or community should collectively manage the tourism system (Page Hall, 2014). In the opinion of many people there are primarily three major benefits of having an effective collaborative relationship with the various stakeholders in the genre of tourism planning, namely, firstly, it reduces the cost incurred by the tourism company which it incurs in the event of a conflict between the business organization concerned and the various stakeholders (Cook, Hsu Marqua, 2014). Secondly, the involvement of the stakeholders in the decision making process helps to legitimize the decision made during the process and thereby save not only the time but also the resources of the company concerned (Cook, Hsu Marqua, 2014). Thirdly, the consultation with the stakeholders also helps the companies in the process of the coordination of policies and related activities (Cook, Hsu Marqua, 2014). These in short are some of the benefits of consulting with the various stakeholders in the genre of tourism planning. Cost-based analysis (CBA) can be defined as the process by means of which business decisions are analyzed. The benefits of a given situation or business-related action are summed, and then the costs associated with taking that action are subtracted (Barney, 2014). It is significant to note that the various business organizations make their decision about the opening of any new branches if their organization or the launch of any new products on the basis of this particular kind of analysis (Barney, 2014). This framework becomes especially important when the tourism industry is taken into consideration. It is often seen that the various business organizations launch new products or services in the market without taking any consideration the cost based analysis and therefore end up incurring a significant amount of loss in the process (Hall, 2012). Therefore, it is very important for the various business organizations to take into consideration this particular framework. This particular framework becomes especially significant when the tourism sector is taken into consideration. It is often seen that the various business organizations develop their tourism industries in locations where the cost incurred by them for the conduct of the business is much higher than the profit made by them (Hall, 2012). It is significant to note that the area of Clipper Bay is a natural location with only 5000 dwellers and the adjoining area is surrounding. Therefore, if tourism is developed at that particular area the business organization will develop to construct hotel and other infrastructure at the area at the location which is likely to take a significant amount of capital. However, since the location of the area is near the beach and surrounded by the forest so it is likely to appeal to many tourists who want to get away from the busy life of the cities and also the bustle associated with it. Thus, it can be said that on the basis of this particular framework it will be fairly profitable to develop the Clipper Bay into a tourist location. The tourism industry is used by the various nations of the world for the purpose of the revitalization of the economy (Lacher et al., 2013). It is to be noted that the industry is one which requires a minimum amount of investment and therefore the capital gain of the industry is very high (Lacher et al., 2013). Therefore, this process can be used by the area of Clipper Bay to revitalize its dwindling economy. It is to be noted that the area of Clipper Bay depends solely on the fishing industry for its economy. Moreover, the area is not very arable and thus the natives have not much inroads into the sector of agriculture. Furthermore, as the area is surrounded by forest and the natives have not yet leaned to make significant use of the forest resources. Therefore, the area can significantly gain from the development of the tourism. It is often seen that tourism is used by the various countries and locations in particular for the process of revitalization of their economies so that the Clipper Bay can also use the same concept for the process of economic growth as well as development. The more number of tourists comes to this particular location the more economic resources the area will be gaining and the more will be the development of this particular location (Briassoulis Van Der Straaten, 2013). In addition to that, the development of the tourism industry in the area is also likely to open up new avenues of business opportunities in the area the yacht business, hotel industry, food industry, travel industry and various others (Briassoulis Van Der Straaten, 2013). Furthermore, these industries will also provide considerable job prospects to the natives of this particular area who had to depend on the process of fishing for their livelihood (Cooper, 2013). The development of the tourism industry in the area is also likely to lead to the development of roads and other infrastructures in the area which will contribute in a significant manner to the economic deve lopment of the area (Cooper, 2013). Clipper Bay is a fairly underdeveloped area with only two road- a narrow road and the other one a two way coastal road. In addition to that, much of the area is surrounded by the forest and no significant hotels or other attractions apart from the natural ones. However, the area is a flat one and very suitable for the construction of the hotels, restaurants and other attractions which form the core of the tourism industry. Furthermore, much of the area is infertile and therefore, the various business organizations can select the location for the construction of the hotel and other infrastructural requirements as per their preference of location. It is significant to note that infrastructure forms an important part of the tourism industry and the more developed a particular area is in terms of the infrastructure the more changes it have for attracting the various tourists (Holden, 2016). Therefore, the development of tourism is one of the basic needs for the effective development of t he tourism industry in the area of Clipper Bay. Therefore, for the effective growth as well as the development of the tourism industry the tourism industry needs to construct hotels, restaurants and others as they play a significant role in attracting the various tourists (Holden, 2016). It is often seen that the various tourists like to go to a place which boasts of proper infrastructure and thus the area of Clipper Bay will have to develop proper infrastructure to attract the various tourists. The backbone of the economy of Clipper Bay is its fishing industry and apart from that there are no other significant industries in the area. Agriculture is not much in practice in the area of Clipper Bay as much of the land of the area is infertile. In addition to that, the natives of the place do not take much help of the natural resources offered by the forest. Thus it would be fair to say that the development of the tourism industry at the Clipper Bay is likely to add a significant value to the dwindling economy of the area. In addition to that, the development of the tourism industry is likely to create new job prospects for the natives of the place who had to rely solely on fishing. In addition to that, the process of the development of the tourism industry entails with it the process of the infrastructural development which will again boost the economy of the area in a significant manner (Veal, 2017). Furthermore, with the development of the tourism industry and the yacht indu stry will also develop the fishing industry of the area on which the natives depend for their livelihood (Veal, 2017). The social climate of the Clipper Bay is a very congenial one and is likely to benefit from the development of tourism. It is significant to note that the people in this particular area having been living for generations and do not take the help of the latest innovations and technology. Fishing forms the core of their livelihood and the women folks prepare the meal for the family members. The area is also known for its exotic sea food and every year before the start of the fishing season the natives organize a festival to please the Gods. Therefore, the development of the tourism industry is likely to affect the social climate of the area in a significant manner. The festival celebrated by the natives can become one of the chief attractions for the tourists coming from the different parts of the world (Smith, 2012). In addition to that, the fishing industry can also gain significantly from the incorporation of the tourism and its related aspects. The area can gain significantly from the association with the other cultures and social trends which the tourists are likely to bring with them to the area (Smith, 2012). Thus it would be fair to say that the area will gain significantly from the influx of the various other social and cultural trends. The Clipper Bay is located adjacent to the beach on the one side and on the other side there is a forest. The bay is located at the foot of a series of hills and thus it can be said that it boasts of an exotic location. Furthermore, the presence of the limestone caves in the nearby region also adds to the natural beauty of the bay. The area where the bay is located is a flat one and very congenial for growth and infrastructural development. Thus, it can be said that if tourism is developed at the location then a bit of the natural beauty of the region will be sacrificed however the disadvantage will be compensated by the benefits which the development of the tourism industry is likely to provide to the natives of the place. Furthermore, it can be said that the development of the tourism industry in the region will help in the effective utilization of the resources of the forest which the natives have not been able to use effectively since their settlement in this particular region (L ew, 2014). Thus, it can be said that the development of the tourism industry in this particular region is likely to add to the environment of the location in a significant manner. To conclude, it becomes evident from the above discussion that tourism although is it is one of the recently started sectors but is one of the fastest developing industries in the world. The tourism industry is often used by the various nations of the world for the process of the revitalization of their dwindling economies. Furthermore, the development of the tourism industry in a particular sector also makes a significant contribution towards the social as well as the cultural landscape of the area because of the influx of the various other cultures. Thus, the tourism industry is used by the various nations of the world not only to bring about the economic revitalization of the area but also to bring about an overall growth as well as development of the place. Therefore, the Clipper Bay can also utilize this particular industry to bring about an overall growth as well as the development of their region. References Barney, J. B. (2014).Gaining and sustaining competitive advantage. Pearson higher ed. Briassoulis, H., Van Der Straaten, J. (Eds.). (2013).Tourism and the environment: regional, economic, cultural and policy issues(Vol. 6). Springer Science Business Media. Cook, R. A., Hsu, C. H., Marqua, J. J. (2014).Tourism: the business of hospitality and travel. Boston, MA: Pearson. Cooper, C. (2013).Essentials of tourism. Pearson Higher Ed. Eshliki, S. A., Kaboudi, M. (2012). Community perception of tourism impacts and their participation in tourism planning: a case study of Ramsar, Iran.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,36, 333-341. Getz, D. (2013).Event tourism: concepts, international case studies, and research. Cognizant Communication Corporation. Hall, C. M. (2012). Spatial analysis: A critical tool for tourism geographies.The Routledge handbook of tourism geographies, 163-173. Holden, A. (2016).Environment and tourism. Routledge. Horner, S., Swarbrooke, J. (2016).Consumer behaviour in tourism. Routledge. Lacher, R. G., Oh, C. O., Jodice, L. W., Norman, W. C. (2013). The role of heritage and cultural elements in coastal tourism destination preferences: A choice modelingbased analysis.Journal of Travel Research,52(4), 534-546. Lew, A. A. (2014). Scale, change and resilience in community tourism planning.Tourism Geographies,16(1), 14-22. Mowforth, M., Munt, I. (2015).Tourism and sustainability: Development, globalisation and new tourism in the third world. Routledge. Murphy, P. E. (2013).Tourism: A community approach (RLE Tourism). Routledge. Page, S. J., Hall, C. M. (2014).The geography of tourism and recreation: Environment, place and space. Routledge. Smith, V. L. (Ed.). (2012).Hosts and guests: The anthropology of tourism. University of Pennsylvania Press. Veal, A. J. (2017).Research methods for leisure and tourism. Pearson UK.

Transpotation Promblem Essay Example

Transpotation Promblem Essay Find initial basic feasible solution for given problem by using: (a)North – West corner rule (b) Least cost method and (c) Vogel’s approximation method If the objective is to minimize the total transportation cost. Q. 2 A Company has factories at F1, F2, and F3 which supply to warehouses at W1, W2, and W3. Weekly factory capacities are 200,160,and 90 units, respectively. Weekly warehouse requirement are 180,120and 150 units respectively. Unit shipping costs (in rupees) are as follows: Ware house W1 W2 W3 SUPPLY F1 16 20 12 200 F2 14 8 18 160 F3 26 24 16 90 DEMAND 180 120 150 450 Determined the optimal distribution for this company to minimize total shipping cost. Second Topic Transportation Model Problems for Practice Q. 1 A company has four manufacturing plants and five warehouses. Each plant manufactures the same product which is sold at different prices in each warehouse area. The cost of manufacturing and cost of raw material are different in each plant to various factors. The capacities of the plants are also different. The data are given in the following table: PLANT ITEM Manufacturing cost (RS) per unit Raw material cost (RS)per unit Capacity per unit time 1 12 08 100 2 10 07 200 3 08 07 120 4 08 05 80 The company has five warehouses. The sales prices, transportation costs and demands are given in the following table: ware house transportation cost per unit sale price demand per unit(Rs. ) 1 2 3 4 A 4 7 4 3 30 80 B 8 9 7 8 32 120 C 2 7 6 10 28 150 D 10 7 5 8 34 70 E 2 5 8 9 30 90 (a) Formulate this problem as a transportation problem to maximize profit. (b) Find the solution using VAM method. Q. 2 Obtain an optimal solution to the transportation problem by UV method. Use VAM method for obtaining initial feasible solution D1 19 70 40 5 D2 30 30 8 8 D3 50 40 70 7 D4 10 60 20 14 CAPACITY 7 9 18 34 We will write a custom essay sample on Transpotation Promblem specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Transpotation Promblem specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Transpotation Promblem specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer S1 S2 S3 DEMAND Q. 3 Consider a firm having 2 factories. The firm is to ship its products from the factories to three- retail stores. The number of units available at factories X and Y are 200 and 300, respectively while those demanded at retail stores A ,B and C are 100,150 and 250, respectively. Rather than shipping directly from factories to retail stores, it is asked to investigate the possibility of Trans- shipment. The transportation cost (in Rupees) per unit is given in the table . FACTORY X Factory X Y 0 6 y 8 0 RETAIL STORE A 7 11 B 8 9 C 9 10 Retail store A B C 7 1 8 2 5 9 0 1 7 5 0 8 1 4 0 Find out the optimal shipping schedule. Q. 4 ABC limited has three production shops supplying a product to five warehouses. The cost of production varies from shop to shop and cost of transportation from one shop to a warehouse also varies. Each shop has a specific production capacity and each warehouse has certain amount of requirement. The cost of transportation are given below: Ware house III 4 7 6 85 A B C DEMAN D I 6 5 3 60 II 4 6 4 80 IV 7 4 3 105 V 5 8 4 70 SUPPLY 100 125 175 400 The Cost Of Manufacturing The Product At Different Production Shop Is shop A B C Variable cost 14 16 15 Fixed cost 7000 4000 5000 Find the optimum quantity to be supplied from each shop to different warehouses at minimum total cost. Third Topic Assignment Model Problems discussed in the class Q. 1 A job production unit has four jobs A,B,C,D which can be manufactured on each of the four machines P,Q,R and S. The processing cost of each job on each machine is given in the table below: Jobs P A B C D 31 25 19 38 Machine Q R Processing cost (Rs. ) 25 33 24 23 21 23 36 34 S 29 21 24 40 To achieve minimum processing cost, which job will you process on which machine? Q. 2 A workshop has four machines and four tasks for completion. Each of the machines can perform each of four tasks. Time taken at each of the machines to complete each task is given in the matrix below: How should the tasks be assigned to machines requirement of machine hours? Tasks A I II III IV 51 32 37 55 Machine B C Processing times (Hrs. ) 77 49 34 59 44 70 55 58 D 55 68 54 55 Q. 3 A pharmaceutical company has four branches, one each at city A, B, C and D. A branch manager is to be appointed one at each city, out of four candidates P, Q, R and S. The monthly business depends upon the city and the effectiveness of the branch manager in that city. Branch manager P 11 City B C Monthly business (Rs. lakhs) 11 9 A D 9 Q R S 13 12 16 16 17 14 11 13 16 10 8 12 Which manager should be appointed at which city so as to get maximum total monthly business? Q. 4 The production cost or products P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 per unit made on machines M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5 are tabulated below: P1 50 60 40 35 40 P2 80 30 40 40 45 P3 30 40 50 30 50 P4 40 40 45 35 45 P5 45 50 35 50 45 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 Selling prices per unit are as follows: P1= Rs. 80, P2=Rs. 90, P3=Rs. 105, P4= Rs. 70 and P5 = Rs. 5 Decide which product should be made on which machine to realize maximum profit. Q. 5 Darda oil mills have four plants each of which can manufacture anyone of the four products. The manufacturing costs differ from plant to plant and so do the sales revenues. The revenue and cost details are as given below: Sales revenue (Rs. Lakhs) Plants A B C D I 70 80 75 78 II 88 90 87 85 Manufacturing cost (Rs. Lakhs) Plants A B C D I 59 65 62 65 II 70 73 72 74 Products III 55 55 59 58 IV 71 79 68 76 Products III 69 71 73 74 IV 82 94 80 89 Suggest which plant should produce which product to maximize profit? Q. A company has four territories open, and four salesman available for an assignment. The territories are not equally rich in its sales potential. It is estimated that, a typical salesman, operating in each territory would bring in the following annual sales. Territory Annual Sales(Rs. ) I 126000 II 105000 III 84000 IV 63000 The four salesmen also differ in their ability. It is estimated that, working under the same conditions, their yearly sales would be proportionately as follows: Salesman Proportion A 7 B 5 C 5 D 4 Assign the salesmen to each territory if the criterion is maximum expected total sales. Third Topic Assignment Model Problems for Practice Q. 1 A departmental head has four subordinates and four tasks for completion. The subordinates differ in their capabilities and tasks differ in their work contents and intrinsic difficulties. His estimate of time for each subordinate and each task is given in matrix below: Tasks I A B C D 17 28 20 28 Subordinates II III Processing cost (Rs. ) 25 26 27 23 18 17 25 23 IV 20 25 14 19 How should the tasks be assigned to minimize requirements of man-hours? Q. 2 A departmental head has three subordinates and four tasks for completion. The employees differ in their capabilities and the tasks differ in their work contents. With the performance matrix given below, which three of four tasks should be assigned to subordinates? Tasks Subordinates A B C D I 9 8 20 21 II 12 13 12 15 III 11 17 13 17 Q. 3 A gear manufacturer requires 2000 numbers per month of each of the six types of gears. Six hobbing machines are available to process these gears. The gears differ in their work contentsgear with, number of teeth, module etc-and machine differ in their capabilities-speeds, feeds and ability to take depth of cut. The production control department has prepared the machine wise cost matrix as shown in the matrix below: Gear I II III IV V VI M1 15 20 19 30 6 13 M2 18 16 16 8 12 Hobbing machines M3 M4 13 10 12 14 15 42 38 10 12 16 14 M5 18 19 35 9 15 M6 14 15 20 36 10 18 Gear I can be assigned to machine M5 because of steep helix angle. Gear III can not be assigned to machine M4 as it is not within the capacity of this machine. And gear IV can not be loaded on machine M2 because of limitations of process capability of the machine. Find the optimum assignment schedule. Q. 4 A salesman has to visit five cities. He wishes to start from a particular city, visit each city once and return to starting city. The cost of going from a city to another in Rs. is given below: From City A B C D E 0 16 18 21 11 To city A 12 0 17 14 13 B 15 13 0 18 12 C 17 18 14 0 18 D 11 12 17 16 0 E Determine the least cost route. Q. 1 A departmental store purchases Christmas trees, which can be ordered only in lots of 100. Each tree selling price Rs. 40 each. Unsold trees, however, have no salvage value. The purchase price of the trees is Rs. 5 each The probability distribution obtained from analysis of past data is given below: Trees sold 100 200 300 400 500 probabilities 0. 20 0. 35 0. 25 0. 15 0. 05 (a) Setup a payoff table (b) How much quantity should the departmental store buy to maximize its profit? Q. 2 A manufacturer of sewing machines is faced with the problem of selecting one of the two models for manufacturing. The profit depends on the market acceptability of the m odel which are present is uncertain but is had been broadly classified into four categories: excellent, good, fair and poor. The profits or losses (losses are indicated by negative sign) expected by the management from the different levels of market acceptability of the models are as follows: ____________________________________________________________ ______ Market Profit (Rs. ) for the model for the Indicated market acceptability __________________________ Deluxe Janata ____________________________________________________________ ______ Excellent 60,000 78,000 Good 28,000 38,000 Fair 18,000 8,000 Poor 8,000 -12,000 ____________________________________________________________ _____ Which product should the company select from the standpoint of maximin (gain) criterion? Q. 3 A company is making a large boiler installation. A certain automatic monitoring unit is critical for the operation of the whole system. At the time of original order, the spares for this unit can be purchased for Rs. 2,000 per unit. The probability distribution for the failure of the unit during the life time of installation is given a s : __________________________________________________________ _______Failure_________________________Probability__________ _ 0 0. 35 1 0. 25 2 0. 20 3 0. 15 4 0. 05 ___________________________________________________________ If a spare is needed and is not available, the total cost of idle time and replacement cost will be Rs. 15,000. Unused spares have no salvage value. Determine the optimal no. of spares to be ordered. Q. 4 A newspaper boy is thinking of selling a special one time edition of a magazine to his regular newspaper customers. Based on his he believes that he can sell between 9 to 12 copies. sports knowledge of his customers, The magazines can be purchased at Rs. each and can be sold for Rs. 12 each. Magazine that are not sold can be returned to the publisher for a refund of 50%. (a) Construct the decision matrix for the above inventory problem indicating possible monetary consequences. (b) Determine the best decision from the stand point of (i) Maximin criteria (ii) M aximax criteria (iii)Hurwiez a-criterion assuming a=0. 40 (iv) Minimax regret criteria (v) Laplace criteria Q. 5 Agent Corner, an authorized dealer in domestic appliances find that the cost of holding refrigerator in stock for a week is Rs. 50. Customers who cannot get a new refrigerator immediately wanted to go to another dealer for which expected profit is Rs. 350 per customer. Probability distribution of demand is as follows: No. of refrigerator: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Probability : 0. 05 0. 10 0. 20 0. 30 0. 20 0. 10 0. 05 Assuming that there is no time lag between ordering and delivery, how many refrigerators should we order per week? Q. 6 A departmental store buys Christmas tree at a landing cost of Rs 25 each and sells them at an average of Rs 40. Any tree left over after the selling season has no resale value. The productivity distribution of sale of trees derived from analysis of pas t sales data is under: Tree (sale) Probability 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 0. 10 0. 15 0. 35 0. 20 0. 10 0. 05 0. 05 a) How many trees should be department store buy to maximize its profit? b) If trees left after the selling season cost Rs 5 each to remove ,does it affect the inventory decision? Q. 7 A newspaper boy is thinking of selling a special one time edition of a sports magazine to his regular newspaper customers. Based on his knowledge of his customer the copies of the magazine with probabilities estimated as under: No of copies 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 probability 0. 0 0. 15 0. 35 0. 20 0. 10 0. 05 0. 05 The magazine can be purchased at Rs 8 each and can be sold for Rs 12 Each. a) Magazines that are not sold can be required to the publisher for a refund of 50%. Determine optimum quantity to be purchased? b) If the publisher does not take back the unsold magazines and the boy is forced to sell them as scrap a t rs 1. 50, what should be the order quantity. c) And if the boy gets magazines â€Å"on sale basis†,what quantity should be ordered? Q. 8 A Ship building company has launched a program for the construction of new class of ships. Certain spare units like prime over, each costing 200000 have to be purchased. If these units are not available when needed, a serious loss is incurred which is in order of Rs 10000000 each instance requirements of spares with the corresponding probabilities are given below. Nos of spares: 0 1 2 3 4 5 Probability of 0. 876 0. 062 0. 041 0. 015 0. 005 0. 001 requirement How many spares should the company buy in order to optimize inventory decision? Fifth Topic Decision Analysis Problems for Practice Q. 1 A perishable item is ordered only once each demand period. Acquisition cost is $3, selling price is $5, and salvage value is $1. 50. What is optimal order quantity? Given: Demand 100 110 120 130 140 150 Probability 0. 1 0. 2 0. 2 0. 3 0. 1 0. 1 Q. 2 A newspaper boy buys papers for Rs 1. 30 each and sells them for Rs 1. 40 each. He cannot return unsold newspapers. Daily demand has the following distribution. No. of customers: Probability: 23 0. 01 24 0. 03 25 0. 06 26 0. 10 27 0. 20 28 0. 25 30 0. 10 31 0. 05 32 0. 05 If each days demand is independent of the previous day’s, how many papers he should order each day?

Ethics and Organizational Development essays

Ethics and Organizational Development essays "For many organisations 'ethics' is something to be defined and managed by senior executives." Consider the arguments for and against this control-oriented position. In today's world it is all too prevalent to see more and more people hungry to gain success at an ever-increasing rate. Modern culture can and indeed is labelled 'greedy' and 'thoughtless'. Through my relatively short time spent in business, I have encountered many of these types of people. But who are they hungry for? Who benefits from their thoughtlessness, and why do they do what they do? More importantly, who is to blame when things don't go according to plan? These are all questions asked constantly in the business domain, questions that often seem to include the word 'ethics' in their answer. Whether we look to consequentialism and always consider the outcome of a particular action, or conform to a more deontological form of ethical thinking and focus on always acting in a manner that seems 'right', I believe that a person cannot always be 'ethical', all of the time. If it were that easy, ethics would be a very small area of study. So what does the word 'ethical' mean? To me, it is to take into account every aspect involved in any given situation, peoples' feelings, thoughts and well-being, both now and in the future, and act as best one can to achieve the most satisfactory outcome for all concerned. From my viewpoint, acting in an ethical manner comes from each and every individual, each having learned from the environment in which they have grown and developed. Should the judgement, therefore, always be left to the individual? This is certainly not the case, as more and more organisations in the business world develop codes of ethics that they expect each member to follow. This definition and management of ethics can be seen as a control-oriented position. This control paradigm for organisational ethics is largely concerned with extracting the best possib...

Text and Driving Stop Doing That. For Real.

Text and Driving Stop Doing That. For Real. This weekend I participated in a workshop in Soft Addictions. I expected to focus most of my energy on my sugar addiction, which has been a struggle for me for as long as I can remember. While I did spend some time and energy examining that habit, a different addiction came to the foreground as the weekend progressed: Texting While Driving In the workshop, we were divided into groups of six. When I admitted to them that I texted while driving, one of my group members looked at me with a heartfelt gaze and said, â€Å"Stop doing that. For real.† Later in the weekend, I found out that he texts while driving too- as did every one of the six people in my group. According to the NHTSA, if you’re traveling at 55mph and take your attention away from the road for 5 seconds (the minimum amount of time it takes to check your phone), you will travel the length of a football field without looking at the road! Texting while driving makes a crash up to 23 times more likely. In comparison, dialing makes a crash 2.8 times more likely and talking or listening makes a crash 1.3 times more likely. And while 34% of American drivers say they have texted while driving, I’m sure the number is much higher. In my workshop this weekend, at least two out of 35 participants had been in car crashes which were their fault and had resulted from their texting while driving. And at least one of them did not stop the habit. I started to get real about my own addiction to texting while driving and the true level of risk I’m taking every time I do it. And when it was time to choose one of our addictions and write a â€Å"Dear John† letter to the addiction bidding it farewell, I chose texting while driving as my target. Here’s the poem: Texting while driving, you kept me connected. I’m addicted to you. It’s like I’m infected. Despite all the stories of death and of gore, My phone seems to call to me†¦ LOOK AT ME MORE!! Well, starting right now, I choose to connect To my learning brain rather than gadgets electric. I’ve got options – like language CDs. Books on tape. That message that dinged me? It simply can wait. I yearn to connect†¦ but for that I must LIVE. And texting while driving? You’ve just gotta give.    Brenda Bernstein, November 14, 2014 On the way home from the workshop, I called a friend before starting to drive. When I hung up the phone, I saw that I had emails and messages I could read if I wanted to. I noted my impulse to pull down the menu that would allow me to read my emails, and, instead of checking the messages, checked the impulse. It felt scary and good. If you are a fellow driver while texting, please take a good look at what you’re putting at risk: not just your own life, but the lives of the drivers and passengers around you. Especially as the holidays are approaching- a time when many of us will be driving to see family and friends- let’s make a commitment to kick one of our most dangerous addictions, and DRIVE SAFE. Category:Life and LeadershipBy Brenda BernsteinNovember 17, 2014 3 Comments Scott says: November 17, 2014 at 8:57 pm I have seen this problem from two angles. My friend has a very busy life. Every time I ride as the front seat passenger with her! she is reading email or phone messages. Every single time! Its like they are driving blindfolded, I worry about a serious accident every time that I drive with them. She does it less because they know I will comment about it constantly. I have almost had first hand experience with texting and driving. Two years ago, I was almost rear ended when reading a text on Monona Drive at a stop light when the red changed to green. The car changed lanes and clipped by at fast rate of spend. Just like reading a book and driving would be stupid, this is equally dumb. Log in to Reply J. R. Hollingsworth says: November 18, 2014 at 8:37 am Texting while driving is not at all dangerous, if the passenger does it. Tell your friend that you will insist on your driving if she is texting, and be prepared to get out to make your point. Attorneys in accident cases love to discover that the opposing driver was texting nuff said. The real test is whether you have a smart phone, or it has you the same with any addiction. Log in to Reply Omar says: November 18, 2014 at 11:19 am Brenda, Thanks for sharing this. This is a really important issue, and I now find myself checking the impulse to look at my phone. If I cant let it go, Ill have to wait till the next exit to pull over. Thanks again, Omar Log in to Reply

Principles and Foundations of Physical Education Essay

Principles and Foundations of Physical Education - Essay Example This undergraduate Physical Education program aims at enlivening and educating youth for Holistic Lifestyles(Carroll,1994). This mission is achieved holding on to beliefs expressed in the following statements. Physical Education will challenge and strengthen the self. It is a continuous process and has physical, mental and social domains. It recognizes the equality of all. It believes in investing in the participants so that they can get the returns. It believes that total quality can be achieved through competent instructors, infrastructure and technology. Philosophy of sports is not a static idea. Different peoples had difference approach to sports. The Greco-Roman world wanted wellness with physical skill in the sports training. War was somewhat regular in their experience combat involved physical skill in success and survival. The association of character formation with physical training was not their primary aim.In fact compared to the Greeks , the Romans somewhat neglected physical education for their elite: "In significant contrast with common Greek practice, the Romans of the Republic neglected to provide youths with an organized system of Physical education".(Lee Too,2001) However, they knew, physical training imparted moral lessons: obedience, discipline and patriotism. In brief they had a philosophy of physical training suited to their needs. The meaning of Philosophy is not static. In the modern sense philosophy is dedicated to finding general principles in local circumstances. In the American context the meaning of philosophy derived from the reflections of great philosopher John Dewey. "This new physical education was grounded on the philosophy of education of American philosopher John Dewey, which emphasized learning-by-doing rather than rote learning and dogmatic instruction. Dewey also stressed that education must be an exploration of thinking and reflection, an interaction with and an environment for learning, and must be democratic where all share in a common life that provides associational settings."(Sage, 2003, p. xi)Prior to the twentieth century physical education programs in colleges were aimed contributing students health. Instructors in pre-1900 programs were usually medical doctors or individuals holding certificates from department of education. After 1900 there was increasing tendency to insist on a ba rralaureate degree for a physical education trainer. This tendency continued and with the end of war more fund was available for sports in colleges and this also gave an impetus. Eventually the global interest in sports promoted also by the media a sports culture became part and parcel of education. Education Aims of Undergraduate Physical Education In the present program the target group is the undergraduate students. Educational aims at each stage of education are different. This applies to also to physical education. "What may be true of the play of children is not necessarily true of the sport which interests those a dozen or so years older. The sport of men and the play of children are distinct from one another in structure. They have different aims

Technology - Voice Recognition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Technology - Voice Recognition - Essay Example The historical development of speech recognition technology spans at least 50 years. These years can be divided into decades, which most researchers would identify as generations. The 1950s and the 1960s was the period of first generation speech recognition technologies. The market condition for the technology during and immediately preceding periods was not favorable because it was only during the latter part of the 1990s when the technology became cheap and made available to many consumer markets. The late 1960s through the 1970s saw the second-generation technology; the late 1970s through 1980s were for the third generation and so forth. One of the earliest speech recognition technologies include the system for isolated digit recognition developed by the American company Bell Laboratories as well as the technology developed by RCA Laboratories that recognized distinct syllables spoken by a speaker. (Chen and Jokinen, 2010, p. 2) These technologies, including the succeeding attempts of various laboratories were classified as Automatic Speech Recognition or ASR systems, which are primarily based on acoustic phonetic systems. The second generation technologies entailed several breakthroughs. Most of the systems developed used dynamic programming methods such as the Viterbi algorithm, which became indispensable technique in ASR. (Chen and Jokinen, p. 3) Many companies began developing their own speech recognition technologies such as IBM and others companies overseas such as Japan and the then Soviet Union. By 1980s, the third generation has already perfected technologies that that could recognize a fluently spoken stri ng of connected word in addition to the development of various other models such as the statistical modeling and the continuous speech recognition concept developed by DARPA. (p. 4) From the 1990s to the present the development became robust as other technologies that

An argument in favor of pro choice abortion for women with unwanted pregnancy Essay Example for Free

An argument in favor of pro choice abortion for women with unwanted pregnancy Essay Abortion Abortion is the ending of a pregnancy by the removal of a fetus or embryo before it is able to survive on its own. An individuals position on abortion is their own value system, most often there are two sides. Pro-life, which believe that a fetus should never be extracted and it is considered murder, and pro-choice. Pro-choice is the view that a woman should be able to choose for her own body and her own personal views. A woman should be able to choose herself if to get an abortion, someones religion should never change this. Also, an abortion can stop an unwanted birth, and are better legally done and regulated than done illegally. Religion is what most peoples reason for not believing in pro-choice. People believe that an embryo is considered a baby in the Bible, and that would be murder. But at what point is a fertilized egg considered a baby? In the bible, they continually state that no matter what stage, a woman who has a fertilized egg is pregnant with a child. Most medical websites state that after 8 weeks, the main organs begin to develop and work. Still, the abortion is required to be done in about 12 weeks. At this time, reflexes havent been developed and most tissues and organs havent finished development. This is not a child, these are living cells inside a human body.   People dont protest about exfoliating cells, so why cant women abort theirs? Abortion stops unwanted birth. Nowadays, people are stupid. Everyone makes terrible mistakes, like getting pregnant when they cant afford another mouth to feed, or havent graduated high school.   In extreme conditions, abortion can stop a woman giving birth to a child she didnt consent to. Abortion can be the best answer, even if it is hard to choose over other resolutions. Rape culture is a thing, there is one sexual assault every 107 seconds. A person who is in this poor situation may not want to have their child. But, it is up to the woman involved. If abortion is illegal, unsafe and unregulated ones will happen. A person doing this lacks the skills and safety that a trained professional has.   For example, an unsafe abortion may refer to an extremely dangerous life-threatening procedure that is in unhygienic conditions. The WHO states that there were 42 million pregnancies were voluntarily terminated in 2012. Of which, 20 million were unsafe. About 68,000 women die annually. Abortion is the ending of a pregnancy by voluntary means. Pro-Choice is what should be allowed, and accepted everywhere. A womans body is her own, and she should be able to use her own value system to make her decision. Pro-Choice should not be discouraged because of religious beliefs. An abortion can stop an unwanted birth and is better legally done than illegally. Her body her choice.

The Catcher in the Rye :: essays research papers

The Catcher in the Rye   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Jerome David Salinger’s book The Catcher in the Rye the difficulties In Holden’s life sends you through a thrilling adventure through all Holden have been through. The short story Uncle Wiggly in Connecticut also shows the drama of a little girl named Ramona. Ramona has an alcohol addictive mother who thinks Ramona is in serious trouble. Ramona’s mother creates an imagery friend from Ramona to help her out with things and to keep her company while she is playing. In The Catcher in the Rye Holden does not have an imagery friend but he does have friends to talk to when he needs someone to talk to. Through all life’s unexpected happenings Holden and Ramona rose to the occasion or fell to the pressures. The book The Catcher in the Rye is centered on Holden Caulfield, a seventeen-year-old narrator and central character of the novel. He addresses the reader directly from a mental hospital or sanitarium in southern California. Holden begins at Pencey Prep, a private school in Pennsylvania, on the Saturday afternoon of the traditional football game with school rival, Saxon Hall. Holden finds himself in many unusual situations. He keeps running away from home and not even thinking of turning back. He went to New York one time to experience life there. Holden’s conflicts are like what Salinger had growing up. Holden lost a very important person to him, his brother. Salinger also lost many close family members too. In the end Holden is at the sanitarium in California. He doesn’t want to tell us any more. The whole story has only made him miss people, such as his brother. The short story â€Å"Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut† was another short story written by Salinger. In Uncle Wiggily in Connecticut, Eloise an alcoholic mother believes that her little girl Ramona is in serious trouble. She has a make believe friend named Jimmy who provides her with the entertainment that lacks in her neighborhood. Eloise once loved Walt Glass, who died over seas in an explosion. Seeking a love for replacement, she found Lew whose role in this story is that he once referred to Eloise's hurt ankle as uncle wiggily. In a drunken rage, Eloise forces her daughter to sleep in the middle of her bed. This is also related to The Catcher in the Rye and Salinger’s life in the fact that everyone has lost a loved one in their life.

Medgar Evers

Medgar Evers Medgar Evers was a civil rights activist whose life was cut short due to the racism and discriminations towards blacks in his time. Medgar Wiley Evers was born on July 2, 1925, near Decatur, Mississippi. He grew up on a small farm that his father owned along with 5 other siblings. Evers strived to get his diploma by walking 12 miles to and from school every day, until 1943, when Evers was inducted into the army along with his brother Charles Evers. He fought during WWII he was honorably discharged as a sergeant in 1946.He returned home and two years later he started to attend Alcorn College majoring in business administration. He was very active people in college a member of the debate team, the school choir, football team, track team, and was also the president of his junior class. He was listed in the â€Å"Who’s Who in American Colleges. † He received his BA degree a year after he married Myrlie Beasley and they would later have 3 children. They moved af ter Evers found a job as an insurance salesman in Mound Bayou, Mississippi.He and his brother Charles Evers were apart on the Regional Council of Negro Leadership (RCNL) where he helped organize a boycott of public restrooms that blacks couldn’t use. Medgar tried to enroll into the University of Mississippi Law School in which he was rejected. He filed a law suit against the University as an attempt to defy segregation in the school. The NAACP later chose Evers to be their first field secretary to represent them. Evers attempted to desegregate the University of Mississippi by trying to enroll James Meredith an African American.Meredith was later accepted in the University of Mississippi which lead to a riot on campus leaving two white men dead. Evers also investigated the murder of Emmett Till and supported Clyde Kennard, all of these event lead to more hatred towards him from the whites. He was becoming a target to many white supremacists he came across many problem and alte rcations and still remained non-violent. On May 28, 1963, a Molotov cocktail was thrown into his house and he was almost run over by a car after he was leaving from the NAACP office.But a day after president JFK’s speech to support civil rights Evers was shot in the back. He was shot by a member of the KKK and also white supremacists named Byron De La Beckwith. Beckwith was tried for Evers murder two times and both trials ended with no verdict so he wasn’t sentenced. But, the third times he was tried he was found guilty and sentenced life in prison in 1994. It took 31 year for Evers murderer to be convicted of a murder due to racism and discrimination. In addition, Evers was later honor when they named a college after him in Brooklyn, New York in 1969.

Riwt 1

RIWT1 Crystal Jorgensen Task 1 03/19/2013 SID:000187304 Lets take a journey. A journey back to a time and a place that is unknown to us without the history and expression of Literature and Art. These moments are the expression of color, the fine detail, the heroics, and the stories that bring us to our current and most knowledgeable time in literature and the arts. Neoclassicism and Romanticism are two very important time periods in the literary movements in English literature that helped shape our way of life today.Although these time periods are recognized as very opposite they share many similarities and we continue to learn and grow from them. Lets go back†¦ To a new era, widespread and influential for paintings and the other visual arts, a reaction against the sensuous and frivolously decorative Rococo style that dominated European art from the 1720s on. Beginning in the 1760s, Neoclassicism arose, reached its height in the 1780s and ‘90s during the French Revolution and lasted until about the 1850s.Neoclassicism was impacted by the exploration and excavation of the buried Roman cities of Herculaneum and Pompeii; the excavations of which began in 1738 and 1748, respectively. It was because of these â€Å"new† discoveries that people wanted to revive the past and took interest in the classical forms and ideas that started the neoclassical era. It was the combination of new and â€Å"classical† that made artist want to convey a serious moral such as justice, honor, and patriotism. Ideally, this style portrays an array of knowledge so vast that it leads to enlightenment.The Neoclassical style sees nature is defined as human nature and that society is more important than the individual. In summary, Neoclassicism focused on Greek and Roman history and was inspired by Classical Rome, patriotism, courage, and honor. The best-known painter of the time was J. L. David who painted â€Å"Napoleon Crossing the Saint Bernard,† just one o f many amazing paintings in that time. The technique used in this era is a stressed drawing with lines, not color; no brush strokes. The tone set is calm and rational but at the same time play the role to provide inspiration and be morally uplifting.Neoclassical artist value order and solemnity and it can be seen throughout their paintings. Inspired by the classics, touched by a revolution, and enforced order we have the â€Å"new† classics. Neoclassicism. Now lets get into the hippie era of the 18th century†¦of free love, peace, and saving the trees. No not really. Romanticism was much more than that it depicted a much deeper heightened since of feeling and euphoria. If it made you feel good and happy you would focus on that and that’s all that mattered. But that is still not all; romanticism was a time for passion, any kind of passion whether it was good or bad.Inspired by the medieval, baroque eras, and the middle and Far East regions of the world. Romanticism started in the late 18th century and continued into the mid 19th century. The characteristics that follow the romantic era is one of a deepened appreciation of the beauty for nature; and exaltation of emotion over reason and intellect; a heightened sense of human personality, moods, and mental potentialities. The romantics were very occupied with the exceptional figures, such as the hero or genius and focused on their inner passions and struggles.A couple of the best known artist of the time were Eugene Delacroix and Theodore Gericault, the artists were viewed as a supreme individual creators, their creative spirit was more important than strict rules or traditional procedures; the emphasis on imagination was a gateway to experience spiritual truth. With national and ethnic origins there was an obsessive interest in folk culture and the medieval era, which triggered a special liking for the exotic, mysterious, weird, the remote, the monstrous, diseased, and the satanic.The role of t he art was dramatic it was to carry the viewer away with its unrestrained, rich color, and visible brush strokes. Neoclassicism and Romanticism are in fact to very different eras. While to neoclassical era wanted to re-invent the classics, the romantic era wanted to expressive in every form not holding back restraint on the mere idea of being bound by the old classic rules. But this doesn’t stop them from having similarities either. They both were on a spiritual mission; the art itself wants to portray knowledge and enlightenment for neoclassicism and romanticism wants you to experience spiritual truth.Although these eras are on very opposite ends of the spectrum when it comes to the arts they both wanted to find a new spirit of the time, to change it for the better. Like J. L David’s painting â€Å"Napoleon Crossing the Saint Bernard† is very lifelike and perfect not being able to see the brush strokes but making the feeling of nobility, strength, and honor ver y present in his work. This particular piece is a perfect example of the time being right after the revolution.Eugene Delacroix’s painting â€Å"Liberty leading the people† This is such and amazing piece of art as well and although you can see more brush strokes it is also such a great example of the time. Delacroix is able to put so much detail and really paint the emotion of freedom and leadership. Both these painting depict a transformation, a want for change. The interesting thing is in those brush strokes, neoclassicism believed they needed to have that perfectionism it showed order, restraint, and rationalism; whereas, romanticism felt that the brush strokes needed to be seen so as to show emotion, passion, and life.Both of these eras were very influenced by different eras like with neoclassical they wanted so desperately to get out of the Rococo style; is was the Age of Enlightenment; and it was right after the revolution. Neoclassical was very impressed and ins pired by the classical era and made something old, new again. Romanticism was influenced by neoclassicism it was inspired as a revolt against social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and was partly a reaction from the industrial revolution.Although, these eras seemed to influence each other in ways a teenager would want to try to change the rules at home. These eras very much influence our history, knowledge, learning, and inspiration today. Works Cited http://www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topic/508675/Romanticism http://www. buzzle. com/articles/romanticism-characteristics-of-romanticism. html http://www. buzzle. com/articles/difference-between-romanticism-and-neoclassicism. html http://lilt. ilstu. edu/jhreid/neoclassicism. htm http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Romanticism

Essay on General Electric’s Revolutionary

Essay on General Electric’s Revolutionary Essay on General Electric’s Revolutionary Essay on General Electric’s RevolutionaryHistorically, GE was one of the leading companies operating in the energy industry of the US. However, in the course of time, GE progressed and diversified its operations. By the late 1970s, the company operated in different industries, but its performance was stumbling because after the economic and energy crisis of the mid-1970s, the company confronted substantial problems in its business development. In such a situation, the new CEO of the company, Jack Welch, became a true savior for the company, who helped the company to regain its position and improve its financial and marketing performance. In fact, Jack Welch was one of the prominent CEOs that helped GE to overcome the considerable downturn in its business development and regain its position in the US as one of the largest employers and one of the most successful companies.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jack Welch had extensive experience of work within GE, where h e started to work and kept progressing till he reached the CEO position. The personal experience of work at GE was very useful for the company because Jack Welch knew perfectly all the drawbacks and weaknesses of the company that prevented its fast and successful growth. The extensive experience and the understanding of GE, its organizational structure, its strengths and weaknesses helped Jack Welch to determine accurately needs of the company and elaborate the effective strategy that helped the new CEO to make a breakthrough in the business development of GE. The extensive experience of Jack Welch of work within the company became the cornerstone for his further work as the CEO of the company.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Furthermore, Jack Welch focused on the elimination of bureaucracy within GE that contributed to the consistent improvement of the organizational performance and efficiency of internal business operations. From his past experience of work in GE, Jack Welch knew perfectly that bureaucratic barriers were unsurpassable and they prevented many perspective ideas from their successful implementation in GE. This is why he was aware of the negative impact of bureaucracy on the performance of the company. The elimination of bureaucracy within GE opened the way for the development of effective business policies and helped the company to improve its performance fast.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In fact, the development of GE under the lead of Jack Welch involved the consistent reduction of the personnel of the company accompanied by the refusal of the company from unprofitable outlets. As a result, the company sold out unprofitable businesses and reduced the staff that allowed to save costs and to optimize its financial performance. The enhancement of the business development occurred due to the focus on profitable businesses only. The company has managed to enhance its marketing performance through the increase of revenue s and decrease of financial losses. Unprofitable outlets of the company were unbearable burden for the company. The sale of those outlets allowed the company to decrease its financial losses and helped to use revenues from profitable outlets to invest into new projects and improvement of their performance.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jack Welch fired 10% of bottom managers annually to maintain the competition within the company and keep managers motivated to improve their performance constantly to stay within the company. This strategy was tough but it stimulated the growth of the company because GE managed to improve the financial performance and improve its marketing performance steadily.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition, Jack Welch contributed to the development informal, personal relationships within the organization that also helped to eliminate bureaucratic barriers and improve the communication within the company. The development of inte rpersonal relations and elimination of bureaucratic barriers within GE contributed to the improvement of the organizational culture. The improvement of the atmosphere within the company contributed to the improvement of the organizational performance. Employees worked better in the light of the shift from the organizational performance that was deteriorating because of high bureaucratic barriers to the effective organizational performance.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Furthermore, Jack Welch diversified the business development of GE by shifting toward financial services from traditional industries, where GE operated. The diversification of the company’s business performance contributed to the enhancement of the position of the company because the company could compensate financial losses in some branches of the company by revenues from others. New industries and new businesses opened wider opportunities for the business development of the company and expansion of its market share.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thus, Jack Welch became the CEO, who has managed to reform and reconstruct GE consistently, making it one of the leaders in the US market. Jack Welch became the CEO, who has managed to introduce effective methods of the business development. In such a way, the company has managed to regain its position in the market. Moreover, Jack Welch has changed the business development of the company and the corporate philosophy. As a result, GE became the company with the effective business development, organizational structure and overall improvement of its business performance.

The Civil War Plot to Burn New York City

The Civil War Plot to Burn New York City The plot to burn New York City was an attempt by the Confederate secret service to bring some of the destruction of the Civil War to the streets of Manhattan. Originally envisioned as an attack designed to disrupt the election of 1864, it was postponed until late November. On Friday evening, November 25, 1864, the night after Thanksgiving, conspirators set fires in 13 major hotels in Manhattan, as well as in public buildings such as theaters and one of the most popular attractions in the country, the museum run by Phineas T. Barnum. The crowd poured into the streets during the simultaneous attacks, but the panic faded when the fires were quickly extinguished. The chaos was immediately assumed to be some sort of Confederate plot, and the authorities began hunting for the perpetrators. While the incendiary plot was little more than a peculiar diversion in the war, there is evidence that operatives of the Confederate government had been planning a far more destructive operation to strike New York and other northern cities. The Confederate Plan to Disrupt the Election of 1864 In the summer of 1864, the reelection of Abraham Lincoln was in doubt. Factions in the North were weary of the war and eager for peace. And the Confederate government, naturally motivated to create discord in the North, was hoping to create widespread disturbances on the scale of the New York City Draft Riots of the previous year. A grandiose plan was devised to infiltrate Confederate agents into northern cities, including Chicago and New York, and commit widespread acts of arson. In the resulting confusion, it was hoped that southern sympathizers, known as Copperheads, could seize control of important buildings in the cities. The original plot for New York City, as outlandish as it seems, was to occupy federal buildings, obtain weapons from arsenals, and arm a crowd of supporters. The insurgents would then raise a Confederate flag over City Hall and declare that New York City had left the Union and had aligned itself with the Confederate government in Richmond. By some accounts, the plan was said to be developed enough that Union double-agents heard about it and informed the governor of New York, who refused to take the warning seriously. A handful of Confederate officers entered the United States at Buffalo, New York, and traveled to New York in the fall. But their plans to disrupt the election, which was to be held on November 8, 1864, were thwarted when the Lincoln administration sent thousands of federal troops to New York to ensure a peaceful election. With the city crawling with Union soldiers, the Confederate infiltrators could only mingle in the crowds and observe the torchlight parades organized by supporters of President Lincoln and his opponent, Gen. George B. McClellan. On election day the voting went smoothly in New York City, and though Lincoln did not carry the city, he was elected to a second term. The Incendiary Plot Unfolded In Late November 1864 About a half-dozen Confederate agents in New York decided to go ahead with an improvised plan to set fires after the election. It seems the purpose changed from the wildly ambitious plot to split New York City off from the United States to simply exacting some revenge for the destructive actions of the Union Army as it kept moving deeper into the South. One of the conspirators who participated in the plot and successfully evaded capture, John W. Headley, wrote about his adventures decades later. While some of what he wrote seems fanciful, his account of the setting of fires on the night of November 25, 1864 generally aligns with newspaper reports. Headley said he had taken rooms in four separate hotels, and the other conspirators also took rooms in multiple hotels. They had obtained a chemical concoction dubbed Greek fire which was supposed to ignite when jars containing it were opened and the substance came into contact with the air. Armed with these incendiary devices, at about 8:00 p.m. on a busy Friday night the Confederate agents began setting fires in hotel rooms. Headley claimed he set four fires in hotels and said 19 fires were set altogether. Though the Confederate agents later claimed they did not mean to take human lives, one of them, Captain Robert C. Kennedy, entered Barnums Museum, which was packed with patrons, and set a fire in a stairwell. A panic ensued, with people rushing out of the building in a stampede, but no one was killed or seriously injured. The fire was quickly extinguished. In the hotels, the results were much the same. The fires did not spread beyond any of the rooms in which they had been set, and the entire plot seemed to fail because of ineptitude. As some of the conspirators mixed with New Yorkers in the streets that night, they overhead people already talking about how it must be a Confederate plot. And by the next morning newspapers were reporting that detectives were looking for the plotters. The Conspirators Escaped to Canada All the Confederate officers involved in the plot boarded a train the following night and were able to elude the manhunt for them. They reached Albany, New York, then continued on to Buffalo, where they crossed the suspension bridge into Canada. After a few weeks in Canada, where they kept a low profile, the conspirators all left to return to the South. Robert C. Kennedy, who had set the fire in Barnums Museum, was captured after crossing back into the United States by train. He was taken to New York City and imprisoned at Fort Lafayette, a harbor fort in New York City. Kennedy was tried by a military commission, found to have been a captain in the Confederate service, and sentenced to death. He confessed to setting the fire at Barnums Museum. Kennedy was hanged at Fort Lafayette on March 25, 1865. (Incidentally, Fort Lafayette no longer exists, but it stood in the harbor on a natural rock formation at the present site of the Brooklyn tower of the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.) Had the original plot to disrupt the election and create a Copperhead rebellion in New York had gone forward, it is doubtful it could have succeeded. But it might have created a diversion to pull Union troops away from the front, and its possible it could have had an impact on the course of the war. As it was, the plot to burn the city was an odd sideshow to the final year of the war.

Illegal immigration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Illegal immigration - Essay Example Proponents usually argue for illegal immigration stating various benefits that are received by the US while the others bring forth arguments on how it affects many sectors by adversely shaping the social, economic and political landscape (Ledbetter 46). It is important though to consider why immigrants leave their countries in the first place. There is no doubt that illegal immigrants benefit US in a variety of ways while also having negative effects; however, the issue lies in the net effect where the negatives far outweigh the positives. According to the Commission on Civil Rights (U.S.) there are roughly 12 million illegal immigrants in the United States with Hispanic population taking 80% of total (28). On the other hand the total number of immigrants, legal and otherwise is more than 38 million meaning that the illegal ones hold a third. The same statistics show that by 2060 and at the current rate of immigration, the US will have an alarming total population of 470 million (49). Considering these numbers, it is important to appreciate some facts that form the basis of migration into the United States. Poverty from native countries. It is true that many people who risk travelling to the United States illegally aim at living a better life. The basis for this is poverty and most of these immigrants are from poor families in Mexico, Africa, Asia and Eastern Europe (LeMay 114). The global poverty situation is wanting and many developing countries contribute to mass immigration to the United States. What these people look for mostly are jobs which are in some countries terribly scarce whether one is well educated or not. Profit motive for US companies. Illegal immigrants due to their lack of work permits become quickly absorbed into industries and companies that offer them low wages in return. These industries do so to reduce on remuneration expenditure and offering of benefits like insurance which would otherwise